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cranial nerves - facts

By Pratyush kumar

Cranial nerves – facts

CN which is the smallest -- olfactory n.
CN which enters cerebrum directly - olfactory nerve

CN with longest intracranial (subarachnoid) course -- trochlear n
CN which emerges posterior to brain stem- trochlear nerve
CN with dorsal exit -- trochlear n.
CN which is the largest and thickest -- trigeminal n.
CN which is largest -- trigeminal nerve
CN with longest extracranial course --vagus n.
CN having longest intraosseous course -- facial nerve
CN with longest ( intradural )course - abducent nerve
CN passing through cavernous sinus -- abducent nerve
CN involved in raised intracranial tension -- abducent nerve 
Abducent nerve has the longest intra-cranial INTRADURAL course!!
Thickest nerve is SCIATIC nerve
Thickest cutaneous nerve is GREATER OCCIPITAL nerve
Labourer’s nerve-median nerve
Dentist’s nerve-inferior alveolar nerve
Alderman’s nerve-auricular branch of vagus nerve
Nerve of laterjet-largest gastric branch of vagus nerve



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RNTCP – DOTS DEFINITIONS

By Pratyush kumar

 RNTCP – DOTS DEFINITION 


Extra Pulmonary tuberculosis
TB of any organ other than the lungs, such as
the pleura (TB pleurisy), lymph nodes, intestines,
genitourinary tract, skin, joints and bones, meninges
of the brain, etc.
Pleurisy is classified as extra pulmonary TB.
A patient diagnosed with both sputum smear
positive pulmonary and extra pulmonary TB should
be classified as pulmonary TB

New
A TB patient who has never had treatment for
tuberculosis or has taken anti-tuberculosis drugs for
less than one month.

Relapse
A TB patient who was declared cured or treatment
completed by a physician, but who reports back to
the health service and is now found to be sputum
smear positive.

Transferred in
A TB patient who has been received for treatment
into a Tuberculosis Unit, after starting treatment in
another unit where s/he has been registered.

Treatment after default
A TB patient who received anti-tuberculosis
treatment for one month or more from any source
and returns to treatment after having defaulted,
i.e., not taken anti-TB drugs consecutively for two
months or more, and is found to be sputum smear
positive.

Failure
Any TB patient who is smear positive at 5 months
or more after starting treatment. Failure also
includes a patient who was treated with Category
III regimen but who becomes smear positive during
treatment.

Chronic
A TB patient who remains smear positive after
completing a re-treatment regimen.

Others
TB patients who do not fit into the above mentioned
types. Reasons for putting a patient in this type
must be specified.

Cured
Initially sputum smear-positive patient who has
completed treatment and had negative sputum
smears, on two occasions, one of which was at the
end of treatment

Treatment completed
Sputum smear-positive patient who has completed
treatment, with negative smears at the end of the
intensive phase but none at the end of treatment.
Or: Sputum smear-negative TB patient who has
received a full course of treatment and has not
become smear-positive during or at the end of
treatment.
Or: Extra-pulmonary TB patient who has received a
full course of treatment and has not become smearpositive
during or at the end of treatment.

Died
Patient who died during the course of treatment
regardless of cause

Failure
Any TB patient who is smear positive at 5 months
or more after starting treatment. Failure also
includes a patient who was treated with Category
III regimen but who becomes smear positive during
treatment.

Defaulted
A patient who has not taken anti-TB drugs for
2 months or more consecutively after starting
treatment.

Transferred out
A patient who has been transferred to another
Tuberculosis Unit/District and his/her treatment

result (outcome) is not known.


plz click this link to read 

latest RNTCP guidelines for diagnosing pulmonary tb

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